Load proportion
Envelope — heat transfer by surface
Detail table
ASHRAE CLTD/CLF (tropical) · Safety factor 10% · Baseline: plastered brick R=0.47 · clear glass R=0.18 SC=0.87 · concrete roof R=0.20
Envelope flux (OTTV) is an area-weighted average heat flux through the envelope, useful for comparing one design against another. National energy codes that use the term OTTV — Thailand’s BEC, Singapore’s BCA and others — each define it with their own equation and their own tabulated coefficients, so this figure is not a substitute for a code compliance calculation.